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/** 
 * @file llrand.h
 * @brief Information, functions, and typedefs for randomness.
 *
 * $LicenseInfo:firstyear=2000&license=viewergpl$
 * 
 * Copyright (c) 2000-2009, Linden Research, Inc.
 * 
 * Second Life Viewer Source Code
 * The source code in this file ("Source Code") is provided by Linden Lab
 * to you under the terms of the GNU General Public License, version 2.0
 * ("GPL"), unless you have obtained a separate licensing agreement
 * ("Other License"), formally executed by you and Linden Lab.  Terms of
 * the GPL can be found in doc/GPL-license.txt in this distribution, or
 * online at http://secondlifegrid.net/programs/open_source/licensing/gplv2
 * 
 * There are special exceptions to the terms and conditions of the GPL as
 * it is applied to this Source Code. View the full text of the exception
 * in the file doc/FLOSS-exception.txt in this software distribution, or
 * online at
 * http://secondlifegrid.net/programs/open_source/licensing/flossexception
 * 
 * By copying, modifying or distributing this software, you acknowledge
 * that you have read and understood your obligations described above,
 * and agree to abide by those obligations.
 * 
 * ALL LINDEN LAB SOURCE CODE IS PROVIDED "AS IS." LINDEN LAB MAKES NO
 * WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR OTHERWISE, REGARDING ITS ACCURACY,
 * COMPLETENESS OR PERFORMANCE.
 * $/LicenseInfo$
 */

#ifndef LL_LLRAND_H
#define LL_LLRAND_H

#include <boost/random/lagged_fibonacci.hpp>
#include <boost/random/mersenne_twister.hpp>

/**
 * Use the boost random number generators if you want a stateful
 * random numbers. If you want more random numbers, use the
 * c-functions since they will generate faster/better randomness
 * across the process.
 *
 * I tested some of the boost random engines, and picked a good double
 * generator and a good integer generator. I also took some timings
 * for them on linux using gcc 3.3.5. The harness also did some other
 * fairly trivial operations to try to limit compiler optimizations,
 * so these numbers are only good for relative comparisons.
 *
 * usec/inter		algorithm
 * 0.21				boost::minstd_rand0
 * 0.039			boost:lagged_fibonacci19937
 * 0.036			boost:lagged_fibonacci607
 * 0.44				boost::hellekalek1995
 * 0.44				boost::ecuyer1988
 * 0.042			boost::rand48
 * 0.043			boost::mt11213b
 * 0.028			stdlib random() 
 * 0.05				stdlib lrand48()
 * 0.034			stdlib rand()
 * 0.020			the old & lame LLRand
 */

/**
 *@brief Generate a float from [0, RAND_MAX).
 */
S32 ll_rand();

/**
 *@brief Generate a float from [0, val) or (val, 0].
 */
S32 ll_rand(S32 val);

/**
 *@brief Generate a float from [0, 1.0).
 */
F32 ll_frand();

/**
 *@brief Generate a float from [0, val) or (val, 0].
 */
F32 ll_frand(F32 val);

/**
 *@brief Generate a double from [0, 1.0).
 */
F64 ll_drand();

/**
 *@brief Generate a double from [0, val) or (val, 0].
 */
F64 ll_drand(F64 val);

/**
 * @brief typedefs for good boost lagged fibonacci.
 * @see boost::lagged_fibonacci
 *
 * These generators will quickly generate doubles. Note the memory
 * requirements, because they are somewhat high. I chose the smallest
 * one, and one comparable in speed but higher periodicity without
 * outrageous memory requirements.
 * To use:
 *  LLRandLagFib607 foo((U32)time(NULL));
 *  double bar = foo();
 */

typedef boost::lagged_fibonacci607 LLRandLagFib607;
/**< 
 * lengh of cycle: 2^32,000
 * memory: 607*sizeof(double) (about 5K)
 */

typedef boost::lagged_fibonacci2281 LLRandLagFib2281;
/**< 
 * lengh of cycle: 2^120,000
 * memory: 2281*sizeof(double) (about 17K)
 */

/**
 * @breif typedefs for a good boost mersenne twister implementation.
 * @see boost::mersenne_twister
 *
 * This fairly quickly generates U32 values
 * To use:
 *  LLRandMT19937 foo((U32)time(NULL));
 *  U32 bar = foo();
 *
 * lengh of cycle: 2^19,937-1
 * memory: about 2496 bytes
 */
typedef boost::mt11213b LLRandMT19937;
#endif